Transport: Safe at any age
Mobilität is a Grundbedürfnis of every human being. What you do to yourself köcan to in Straßtraffic möto stay as still as possible accident free
Ungüother Lichtverhätenancies are für äolder drivers a challenge
Shopping. The Doctor’s Appointment. The Birthday Invitation. The Visit To The Cinema. The Family Celebration. The trip with friends. All the köwe could not take it anymore, wäwe’re not mobile. Whether to Fuß, with the bike, öpublic transport or car: Without Mobilität we lose our Selbststäresistance and a lot of Lebensqualität.
300.000 Unfälle with Personenschäthe per year
This fü is;many of the car in the first place. Neither the increased costs nor the environmental problems or the threat of driving bans have something geächanged. The almost 55 million Cars on German Straßen cause but also the größten proportion of Verkehrsunfäcases. More than 300,000, in which Verkehrsparticipants getötet, heavy or light, were injured, reported the statistics für the past year. 3177 people lost on a German Straßen her life. Since the 1950s this number was so low (see chart).
The number of deaths is since your Höchststand in 1970 to about one-sixth dropped. This includes technical improvements to vehicles, laws, and a faster emergency care have contributed. Tap on the blue points to the respective milestones show
However, the 2011 target set by the Federal Ministry of transport seems to be hardly reachable, the number of Verkehrsto reduce fatalities by 2020 to about 2400. Especially häcommonly, it hits 18 – to 24-Jäover the years and it. In addition, many serious injuries suffer life-long consequences of an accident. Therefore, bemüengineers hen to further technical improvements, wäduring transport, doctors and psychologists from the medical and behavioral causes of the Unfäll want to fix.
The car is claimed to the brain
Per mile driven, drivers have to Beobach­ in section 125;sightings process, and 12 decisions, have Verkehrspsychologen, of all things. He has the Against traffic, the road edge, vehicles driving ahead, cross the end of FußgäViking and traffic signs to keep an eye on.
The total power of the Drive to a complex and thus fehleranfäthe single-digit performance. Because a person all Einflüsse can process simultaneously, is a myth, says Professor Wolfgang almost Meier, PräPresident of the German society für transport psychology: "He needs to at the right time and the right Information from the flood of Eindrücke can be read out and this in actions ütranslate." Most of the time this works out fine. But the more information, the ömore often, the driver braking, accelerating, the direction has to change, the höhere the error rate.
Daddeln wäduring the journey
This is enhanced when other distractions such as phone calls. Professor Josef Krems from the Institute für psychology, TU Chemnitz can quote their own studies.
"The visual and motor distractions are entscheidend", he says. So it is not the Gespräch. If, however, the number must be typed in, or the route on the Navi is followed, the risk of an accident is approximately four times erhöht. So you should die Language function of the Navis use – and the cell phone to the side. Every Tenth daddelt wäduring a motorway journey on the Smartphone, revealed a Zämisconduct of the Universität Braunschweig, Germany.
Night travel than flying blind
Many äolder people are increasingly being glare sensitive, points of light blur to stray light, the Fäability of the eyes to adapt to Light and Dark lässt. So it can happen that a driver is momentarily flying blind, if he is in a car on a wet Straße. Also other eye ailments mountains große risks. For example, in the case where Gesichtsfeldausfälle occur.
Anyway, the Sehschä is;rfe in the dark is reduced. "Here stoßen people quickly to their physiological Grenzen", Professor Bernhard Lachenmayr, spokesman of the transport Commission of the German Ophthalmological society and the professional Association of Augenä says;doctors in Germany. Linsentrüexercises köthis can make things worse.
Important, when driving in the dark
A few tips and a claim Lachenmayr has: clean, but not getönte windshields, glasses, without Filter or Tödrying wear, cataract surgery. And not only the Tagsehschärfe test, but also Däthe author can see and Blendsensitivity. Not a few motorists, Lachenmayr, better to avoid night driving. And tagsüabout everyone should turn on the light. Many studies have shown that this reduces the collision number noticeably.
A further danger lurks only at night: Müspeed. Many people sleep poorly, others only appear to be good: you suffer from Schlafapnea: brief pauses in Breathing during sleep. You don’t usually notice, but the night’s sleep is not restful. In a survey conducted by the German road safety Council (DVR) in every four drivers to be at least once at the wheel, dozed off.
Gefälegitimate seconds sleep
"Seconds tö can sleep;South sein", warns, Anna-Sophie Börries, officer against Müdigkeitsunfälle to the DVR. Your tip: on long journeys, spätesting inserting a break every two hours. And if you already Müspeed verspürt: by the näthe next suitable place to Park and 10 to 15 minutes of sleep – or the cycle with the movement in the swing.
Some car developers are trying Müto detect speed through technology, and to warn the driver. Alone on this help, you should not leave. But grundsäin addition, so-called assistance systems are useful, traffic psychologist Josef Krems. In some vehicles, the brake or lane keeping assistant, or the driver is in front of the Überholen warned, if a car in the dead angle nähert. Intelligent cruise control wiederum initiate braking if the distance to the vehicle in front is too low.
In spite of all caution, in spite of technical assistance: at some point, the fast processing of information and the Reaction rate, according to &ndash let; when a more, the other less.
All or nothing
"There is, however, but a lot of tun", Professor Michael Falkenstein, Director of the Institute fü says;r Working, Learning and ageing in Bochum. For example, a driving training in real traffic, accompanied by a specially trained teacher – as well as köbody and brain training, the Fitness in both areas to föpromote.
"Just möto drive as little wäre, however, the wrong Strategie", Josef Krems says. Because then entfäthe Ü llt;advertising effect. Only those who are not sure fühlt, should a waiver üben – unless he puts only a few, simple, and good to him, and trusted short-zurü routes;ck.
Alternative thinking
Approximately every second car trip ends üby the way, after less than six kilometers. Much ließe, therefore, also to Fuß or – in genügender security – with the wheel done. Also the offer of the öpublic transport is in many Stäcities well – on Land, however, often a Ärgernis.
And there are still more Alternatives: for example, Gefägranted, the physically Disabled, a motorized ermö Progress;aligned. More and more municipalities and Fördervereine offer their own Bürgerbusse or Bürgerrufautos: cars or vans für up to eight Fahrgäste, controlled by volunteers. Deals can be found on the Internet. One thing is for sure: anyone Who gives up on your own car, not only easy on the wallet – but, above all, the environment.
What time is the car better lä are;sst
In the case of some diseases and the intake of certain drugs, a car should not be driven more.
- Certain heart conditions such as Rhythmusstöconclusions köcan with Ohnmachtsanfäcases go hand in hand. Driving is only allowed, if these Anfämaturity was successfully treated. How long the Patient must wait hädepends on the type of heart condition. The doctor must decide in each individual case.
- Psychoactive drugs such as sleeping pills and sedatives, including benzodiazepines and Antipsychotic drugs, and, above all, äsenior agent against allergies (Antihistaminika) schrärestrict the Fahrtümoisture significantly. Then you should möas far as possible, no vehicle taxes.
- Diabetes patients köcan usually Straßtraffic participate. Who erhöhtes risk für Untersugar has or at Folgeerkrankungene is suffering, you should discuss Driving with the doctor.
- Epileptic Anfäll require zunäfirst, a ban on driving. When a Patient is allowed back behind the wheel, hädepends on the individual’s risk für re-Anfälle and should be discussed with the neurologist.
- A severe dementia schließt Car from driving. In the case of slight Auspräshould best a appraisal klären, whether the Fülicense already abgegeben .
- Short-term illnesses such as influenza, gastro-intestinal disorders or Migräne cause no grundsätzmedieval driving ban. Each Betroffene has to decide responsibly for themselves whether he fahrfähig is.
You can also read:
Stress on the Straße: "The car, our Burg"
In The Straßtraffic from harmless time rü enjoyed;considerate loose Drängler. Where does it come from? An Interview with traffic psychologist